Ruth Callaway

Bible literacy teacher, MA in Religious Studies

Has taught adult Bible literacy classes for fifteen years and holds an MA in Religious Studies. Her working assumption is that most of the difficulty people have with the Bible is a matter of genre and context, not of faith — and that both are teachable.

Articles by Ruth Callaway

Bible Study

What the Bible actually says about dreams and their meaning

The Bible is not a dream dictionary and never assigns a fixed meaning to a dream symbol. Here is what it does contain: a handful of specific dreams, and an interpreter who says every time that the meaning is not his own.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

Psalm 91 explained verse by verse: refuge, not immunity

The whole of Psalm 91, block by block, in the public-domain World English Bible: who is speaking in each part, what the ancient dangers were, and the one thing the psalm never promises.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

Psalm 121 explained verse by verse: a song for the road

Eight verses, one repeated word and a walking pilgrim. Psalm 121 block by block in the World English Bible, with the travel dangers behind each line and what the psalm does not guarantee.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

What is the unforgivable sin, and what it is not

Blasphemy against the Holy Spirit appears in three Gospels and in one specific scene. Here is the literal text, what Mark 3:30 says the accusation was, and how each Christian tradition defines the sin today.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

How to tell the creation story to kids, age by age

What Genesis 1 actually says, how to tell the six days at each age, and what to answer when your child asks about dinosaurs or about what the teacher said at school.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

What does the Bible say about heaven and hell?

Four different words are translated “hell” in English Bibles, and none of them describes Dante's nine circles. Here is what the biblical text says about both destinations, and where the Christian traditions diverge.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

John 1 explained verse by verse: the Word became flesh

Fifty-one verses in three movements: the prologue, the testimony of John the Baptist and the first week of disciples. John 1 block by block, in the public-domain World English Bible.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

How to tell David and Goliath to kids without the hero spin

David and Goliath is the courage story told most often in Sunday school — and the one that loses the most meaning when it becomes a self-esteem lesson. What 1 Samuel 17 says, and what to say about the ending.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

Romans 8 explained verse by verse: no condemnation

Thirty-nine verses that move from a courtroom verdict to a groaning creation to a list of things that cannot separate you from God. Romans 8 block by block, in the World English Bible.

Ruth Callaway ·

Reflections

What happens when someone dies, according to the Bible?

The Bible does not answer this with a single sentence. Ecclesiastes, Luke 23, Philippians 1 and 1 Corinthians 15 say different-sounding things, and the Christian traditions assemble them differently.

Ruth Callaway ·

Bible Study

What happens at a baptism, step by step

The order of service, what the water, oil and candle mean, how long it takes and where a guest is meant to stand — for infant baptism, adult immersion and everything between.

Ruth Callaway ·